Foods in Japanese

Now comes everyone’s favorite topic: food! Grocery shopping in Japan can be a daunting task if you don’t know the names of the ingredients you’re looking for. Today, we’re going to build your Japanese vocabulary by learning the names of different foods!

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Condiments

First thing’s first! When you sit down at a table in Japan, the first thing you notice is the variety of condiments on the table. Some of them are familiar, such as salt and pepper, but others you may be seeing for the first time. Here is a list of common condiments in Japan.    

Condiment Words

JapaneseRomajiEnglish
調味料chōmiryōcondiment
胡椒koshōpepper
砂糖satōsugar
タレtareJapanese dipping sauce (usu. for grilling)
みりんmirinJapanese rice wine for cooking
料理酒ryōrishucooking saké
ソースsōsuWorcestershire sauce
唐辛子tōgarashichili pepper
オイスターソースoisutā sōsuoyster sauce
味噌misoJapanese fermented soybean paste
タバスコTabasukoTabasco
マヨネーズmayonēzumayonnaise
ラー油rāyuchili oil
suvinegar
香辛料kōshinryōspices
振り掛けfurikakeJapanese seasoning (usu. for rice)
shiosalt
醤油shōyusoy sauce
ケチャップkechappuketchup
マスタードmasutādomustard (with mustard seeds)

Breads, Grains, and Pastas

Next, we’ll start at the bottom of the food pyramid with breads, grains, and pastas. This list will be helpful for those with coeliac disease, wheat allergy, and those who want to stay gluten-free.

Bread, Grain, and Pasta Words

JapaneseRomajiEnglish
パンpanbread
穀物kokumotsugrain
パスタpasutapasta
komedry rice
ご飯gohancooked rice
シリアルshiriarucereal
小麦komugiwheat
小麦粉komugikoflour
グルテンフリーguruten-furīgluten-free
全粒穀物zenryūkokumotsuwhole grain
小麦全粒粉komugizenryūkowhole grain wheat flour
玄米genmaibrown rice
蕎麦sobabuckwheat (usu. noodles)
大麦ōmugibarley
ライ麦rai mugirye
オーツ麦ōtsu mugioats
グラノラguranoragranola
セリアック病seriakku-byōcoeliac disease
小麦アレルギーkomugi arerugīwheat allergy
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Vegetables

Now it’s time for healthy eating! If you want to stay trim and live a long healthy life, loading up on those veggies is the way to go. Here is a list of some common vegetables found in Japan and words associated with vegetables.

Vegetable Words

JapaneseRomajiEnglish
野菜yasaivegetable
キャベツkyabetsucabbage
ほうれん草hōrensōspinach
レタスretasulettuce
大根daikonJapanese radish
人参ninjincarrot
ブロッコリーburokkorībroccoli
mamebean
じゃが芋jagaimopotato
茄子nasuegg plant
トマトtomatotomato
玉ねぎtamanegionion
ネギnegigreen onion/leek
ニンニクninnikugarlic
マッシュルームmasshurūmumushrooms
ピーマンpīmangreen pepper
かぼちゃkabochapumpkin
キュウリkyūricucumber

Fruits

An apple a day keeps the doctor away! If you’re looking for a healthy snack to get you by until dinner, picking up a piece of fruit will be much better for your body than, say, a Snickers bar. Here is a list of common fruits found in Japan and words associated with fruit.

Fruit Words

JapaneseRomajiEnglish
果物kudamonofruit
りんごringoapple
バナナbananabanana
アボカドabokadoavocado
ichigostrawberry
nashipear
ブルーベリーburūberīblueberry
マンゴーmangōmango
梅干umeboshiJapanese sour plum
さくらんぼsakuranbocherry
anzuapricot
ココナツkokonatsucoconut
ライチraichilychee
momopeach
オレンジorenjiorange
レモンremonlemon
グレープフルーツgurēpu furūtsugrapefruit
葡萄budōgrape
みかんmikanmandarine orange
柚子yuzuJapanese citrus fruit
メロンmeronHoneydew melon
スイカsuikawatermelon
kakipersimmon
パインアップルpain appurupineapple

Meats and Dairy

Let’s not forget our daily dose of protein! Some of us love our meat, but there are others such as vegetarians and vegans who need to make sure that their food is meat- and/or dairy-free. Here is a list of words pertaining to meat and dairy.

Meat and Dairy Words

JapaneseRomajiEnglish
nikumeat
酪農rakunōdairy
豚肉butanikupork
牛肉gyūnikubeef
家禽kakinpoultry
sakanafish
牛乳gyūnyūmilk
チーズchīzucheese
ヨーグルトyōgurutoyogurt
生クリームnama kurīmuwhipping cream
バターbatābutter
ステーキsutēkisteak
チキンchikinchicken (the food, not the animal)
ハンバーガーhanbāgāhamburger
ハンバーグhanbāguhamburg steak/salisbury steak
唐揚げkarāgefried chicken
牛丼gyūdonbeef-on-rice
焼肉yakinikugrilled meat
しゃぶしゃぶshabu-shabuboiled meat
ベジタリアンbejitarianvegetarian
ビーガンbīganvegan

Now that you’ve learned a bunch of new food words, it’s time to get out into the real world and practice them! Next time you’re out at a restaurant or grocery shopping in Japan, instead of using the English word for a food, try using the Japanese word from the lists above! Learning food words in Japanese is a lot of fun and easier to remember than you might think! Improve your Japanese today by talking about food!

General Food Words

JapaneseRomajiEnglish
砂糖satōsugar
胡椒koshōpepper
解凍するkaitō suruto defrost
mennoodles
和食washokuJapanese food
目玉焼きmedama-yakifried egg (sunny-side up)
ソースsōsuWorcestershire sauce
洋食yōshokuWestern food
台所daidokorokitchen
味噌misoJapanese fermented soybean paste
点心tenshindim sum (Chinese dumplings)
茹でるyuderuto boil
みりんmirinJapanese rice wine for cooking
suvinegar
そばsobabuckwheat noodles
カレーkarēcurry
shiosalt
フランスパンfuransu panbaguette
パンpanbread
冷やすhiyasuto chill
料理ryōria dish/cuisine
トーストtōsutotoast
蒸すmusuto steam
つぶすtsubusuto mash
スパゲティsupagetispaghetti
醤油shōyusoy sauce
中華料理Chūka ryōriChinese food
ケチャップkechappuketchup
チャーハンchāhanfried rice
からしkarashimustard

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